Which description best matches Category C runway incursion?

Which description best matches Category C runway incursion?

• A. An incident in which separation decreases and a significant potential for collision exists, which may result in a time-critical corrective and evasive response to avoid a collision.
• B. An incident characterized by ample time or distance to avoid collision.
• C. A serious incident in which a collision was narrowly avoided.
• D. An incident that meets the definition of a runway incursion with no immediate safety consequences.

Answer: (B)

Runway incursion severity is judged by how much time or distance is available to prevent a collision. Category C describes a situation where there is ample time or distance to avoid a collision, meaning the incursion did occur but does not pose an immediate safety threat. That makes the description stating there is ample time or distance to avoid collision the best fit for Category C. The other options describe more urgent or more severe scenarios—time-critical corrective action to avoid a collision, a near-miss with a collision, or an incursion with no immediate safety consequences—none of which align with how Category C is defined in this context.

Runway incursion severity is judged by how much time or distance is available to prevent a collision. Category C describes a situation where there is ample time or distance to avoid a collision, meaning the incursion did occur but does not pose an immediate safety threat. That makes the description stating there is ample time or distance to avoid collision the best fit for Category C. The other options describe more urgent or more severe scenarios—time-critical corrective action to avoid a collision, a near-miss with a collision, or an incursion with no immediate safety consequences—none of which align with how Category C is defined in this context.